if引导的条件状语从句

【同步教育信息】

一. 本周教学内容：

Module 4 New Technology

二. 重点内容：

If 引导的条件状语从句

三. 具体内容：

（一）语法知识

If引导条件状语从句。

在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中，当主句谓语动词以某种形式表示将来时间概念时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

此句中主句为用祈使句表将来，if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。

If you see him , give him this letter .

如果你见到他的话，把这封信给他。

（二）知识拓展：

引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如：

If you ask him，he will help you .

如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。

If you fail in the exam , you will let him down .

如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。

另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如：

If I were you , I would invite him to the party .

如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。

I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic .

如果没有堵车，我会到的早一点儿。

四. 课文知识点详解

1. He lent me his CD recorder.

他把他的CD机借给了我。

lend将某物借给某人

（1）主语+lend+人+物

I lent a friend a pen .

（2）主语+lend+物+to+人

I lent money to a friend .

borrow 向某人借某物 主语+borrow+物+from+人

I borrowed a book from my teacher .

2. If you want to send your recording by email , connect the recorder to your computer .

如果你想通过电子邮件的方式发送你的录音，你要把录音连接到电脑上。

want的用法；

want 表示“想要”

① want+名词“想要某物”

② want to do sth …“想要干某事”

③ want sb. to do sth. “想要某人干某事”

例如：

I want a bottle of juice.

She wants to go to a movie.

I want you to go with me.

3. If you want to choose another program, press the key.

如果你想选择另一个节目，按这个键。

another表示泛指，又一，再一，另一，强调的是单数，跟单数名词连用。

例如：Can you give me another one?

（一）知识拓展：

other，another，others的辨析：

other其它的，泛指，other+复数名词，指其他的人或物

others表示泛指，相当于other+复数名词，指其他的人或物／其他的，另外的人或者事，它一般跟some连用。

the other表示特指，有限定的范围，与单数名词连用，指两者中的另一个。

例如：Hold the bottle and pull the cork out with the other hand（握住瓶子，另一只手把瓶塞拔开）；

the others表示特指，相当于the other+名词复数，指其余的，剩下的（人或者事）

例如：

The other students in my class are from Italy . = The others in my class are from Italy.

我们班其余的同学都是意大利人。

one … the other 一共两个，一个……另一个……

some … others一些……其余……

one … another不只是两个，一般指两个事物以上的一个……另一个……

4. I threw it across the kitchen , and it landed in the fridge .

我沿着厨房向外扔，它落进了冰箱里。

across、over、through

在英语考题中，经常出现单词“across”，“over”和“through”，它们都有“穿过”的意思，但其用法有如下区别：

“across”介词，意为“横过”，常指从这边到另一边，即：“from this side to the other”，图形好像“十”字。

例如：

They often go to school across the street .

“over”既可用作介词又可用作副词，意为“越过、翻越过去”。

例如：

After they climbed over the hill , they found many flowers in the fields .

“through”介词，意为“从中间穿过”。

例如：The deer is going through the forest .

5. Doctors couldn’t say what was wrong because they didn’t know what kind of snake it was .

医生们因为不知道那是哪一种类的蛇而不能说出他到底有什么病。

What was wrong 与 What kind of snake it was均为what引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中，语序为陈述语序。

6. If the snake doesn’t smile for its photo , don’t worry !

不要担心给蛇拍照时它没有笑。

if引导的条件句，当主句谓语动词以某种形式表示将来时间概念时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。否定情况亦符合。

7. What kind of food do you advise people to eat because it’s good for them?

你建议人们吃哪些对人体有益的食品?

advise sb. to do sth建议某人做某事，不定式作补语。advise等一些动词后面接不定式作补语。

8. When l got home , I found out that the plant was very dangerous .

我到家时才发现这株植物非常危险。

find out 表示“找出原因、查明”等意思，常接宾语或宾语从句。

例如：

I have found out that they had settled the problem .

知识拓展：

find，find out，look for

find强调“找”的结果，即“找”到还是没“找”到。如：

I look for my book everywhere，but I can’t find it . 我到处找我的书，但没找到。

find out表示“查出，努力查找”。往往是指通过努力去查明事情的或查找答案等。

如：

The teacher tries to find out who is not in the classroom . 老师试着查出谁没在教室。

look for强调“找”的动作和过程。如：

I’m looking for my book. 我正在找我的书。

【模拟试题】

一. 单项选择：

1. You can take a photo ______ your mobile phone.

A. for B. in C. with D. by

2. This is the surprising ________ of a British cook.

A. a advice B. an advice C. advice D. advices

3. The snake bit him ________ the hand.

A. by B. on C. in D. from

4. She asked me______ we should have a party there.

A. if B. that C. where D. /

5. If I have time I _______.

A. come B. came C. to come D will come

6. My handkerchief fell on the ground, could you please _________?

A. pick up it B. pick it up C. put it on D. put on it

7. She began _______ English at the age of eighteen.

A. knew B. know C. known D. to know

8. Doctors couldn’t say what was wrong _____ they didn’t know what kind of snake it was.

A. so B. because C. or D. but

9. The hot water ______ again, I began to take a bath.

A. cold B. cooling C. came cool D cooled

10. She has _______ a lot of different medicines, but none worked.

A. eaten B. drunk C. taken D. have

11. Can you ______ Jay’s CD to me? And I’ll return it in 2 days.

A. borrow B. lend C. give D. have

12. —______ do I record ? —Press the key.

A. What B. How C. Where D. When

13. If you want to play _______, press the green key.

A. back B. behind C. after D. before

14. Let’s _____ the instructions.

A. look out B. look up C. look down D. look at

15. I’ve waited ______ the bus for 20minutes, but it hasn’t arrived yet.

A. to B. for C. on D. with

16. I’ll tell you if he______ back.

A. comes B. coming C. come D. to come

17. Connect the keyboard ______ the computer.

A. with B. on C. to D. in

18. Why is it best ______ it on your computer?

A. to save B. saving C. saved D. save

19. If you want to choose another _________, press the key.

A. programmer B. programmes C. a programmer D. the programmer

20. Can you show mw the ______ of how to use it?

A. invention B. invitation C. information D. instructions

二. 完成句子：

21. 先生们，女士们，请欢迎我们的明星音乐家。

________ and ________, please welcome our star musician.

22. 如果你要打开录音机，请按下蓝色键。

If you want to _______ _______ the recorder, ______ the blue key.

23. 要知道它是如何工作的，他们需要做什么？

What do they do to _______ _______ how it ________?

三. 用动词的适当形式填空

24. Why is it best ________（save）it on your computer?

25. Listen! Who _________（sing）?

26. The orchestra was practicing ________（play）the Irish music.

27. You’ve _______（do）that.

28. What do they decide _______（do）.

四. 完型填空

Plants are everywhere. You can find them ___29___ all over the world. This is a good thing for us, because if we didn’t have plants, we would not survive（生存）. There would be ___30___ life on earth as we know it. ___31___ are plants so important? There are many reasons, but one of their most important jobs is to ___32___ food. Plants provide food for animals and people.

But not all plants provide food. Some of them are dangerous to eat. These plants have developed ___33___ ways to stop animals or people eating them. One of these ways is to make poison（毒汁）which often ___34___ terrible and keeps the animals away.

Another way to keep animals away is to grow spikes（尖刺）. The spikes are like sharp needles（锋利的钢针）, and ___35___ any animals that comes near. Some plants have stings（刺毛）. When you touch them, your skin turns ___36___ or gets hot. Animals soon ___37___ not to go near these kinds of plants. But some plants are even better at stopping animals. Usually the animals eat the plants, ___38___ these plants catch the animals and eat them!

（ ）29. A. live B. lying C. growing D. planting

（ ）30. A. most B. almost C. only D. no

（ ）31. A. What B. Why C. How D. Where

（ ）32. A. give B. keep C. eat D. produce

（ ）33. A. usual B. safe C. eat D. important

（ ）34. A. seems B. sounds C. smells D. tastes

（ ）35. A. kill B. hurt C. cut D. protect

（ ）36. A. hot B. hard C. soft D. red

（ ）37. A. know B. discover C. learn D. become

（ ）38. A. then B. and C. though D. but

五. 阅读理解：

Here is a good idea for future cars. There will be electronic tracks（电动轨道）everywhere in the streets. Electronic cars will run on these tracks. All the tracks and all the cars will be controlled by a great computer. For example, if you want to go from your school to a large factory, you just go out of the school and get into one of those cars outside. Then you press the button for the factory. A signal（信号）is sent from the car to the central computer and the computer finds the route（路线）. The car takes you to the factory at high speed. Easy!

Don’t you think it is a good idea for the future? If we really want to realize it, we must do something, we do not want to live in noisy, dirty cities, do we?

Choose the best answer :

39. Electronic tracks will be used________.

A. in the street B. in cities C. in large factories D. in the country

40. ________ leads the car to the place you want to go.

A. The electronic tracks B. The button

C. The signal D. The central computer

41. The idea of electronic tracks ________.

A. is realized everywhere B. can be realized if people do something

C. can never be realized D. can only be realized in large factories

42. The computer gets signals from _____.

A. schools B. factories C. electronic cars D. electronic tracks

43. When you want to go to a place, just press a button _______.

A. outside the car B. in the car C. on the computer D. in the factory