PETS3级写作必备词汇

（一）关于教育1.awarenessn.意识。environmentawareness环保意识2.cultivatevt.培养，培育。cultivateasenseofcompetition/responsibility竞争意识/责任意识;cultivatecriticalthinking培养辩证思维3.physicaladj.身体的；物质的。physicalexercise体育锻炼；physicalsciences自然学科4.mentaladj.心理的；精神的。mentalHealth心理健康；mentalState精神状态5.creativeadj.有创造力的。creativityn.创造力。creativethinkingskills创造性思维6.scholarshipn.奖学金7.acquirevt.获得。同义词：gainAcquire/gainabetterunderstandingof…对…更加了解Acquire/gainknowledge/skills/hand-onexperience获得知识/技能/亲身经验8.disciplinen.纪律。schooldiscipline校纪，学校纪律；abidestrictlybydiscipline严格恪守纪律9.scopeofknowledge知识面;enlargeone`sview拓展眼界;broadenone`shorizons拓展视野10.multimediateaching多媒体教学11.enrichtheteachingmethod丰富教育手段12.enlightenvt.启迪，启发。enlightenusaboutcreativity启发创造力13.inspirevt.激发，鼓舞，唤起。toinspireenthusiasminsomebody激发某人的热情14.exam-orientededucation应试教育15.compulsoryeducation义务教育16.qualityEducation素质教育17.vocationaleducation职业教育18.distanceeducation远程教育19.developourcreativemind培养我们创造性思维20.accessn.接近，接触。havequickandeasyaccesstonewthings迅速容易地接触新鲜事物21.rotelearning死记硬背22.graspn.掌握，熟知。Haveasolidgraspofcomputerskills熟练掌握计算机技能23.stimulatevt.激发，刺激。stimulateone`sinterest激发了…的兴趣;stimulatesbtostudyhard激励某人努力学习24.cultivationofinnovativetalents创新人才培养25.tapone`spotential挖掘某人的潜能（二）关于环境1.carexhaustfumes汽车尾气1中国石油大学远程教育学院2.acidrain酸雨；industrialwaste工业废料3.ozonehole臭氧层空洞4.emissionsofcarbondioxide二氧化碳排放；reducetheemissionofgreenhousegases减少温室气体排放；greenhousegases温室气体5.humanactivity人类行为，人类活动6.globalwarming全球变暖；climatechange气候变化7.dischargev.排放，流出。wastewaterdischarges/effluentdischarge污水排放；8.exertvt.发挥，施加影响，运用。exertprofoundimpactsonpeopleandfuturegeneration对人类及后代产生了深远的影响9.worsenvi/vt.变坏，恶化。同义：deterioratev.恶化environmentaldeterioration环境恶化10.environmentaldegradation环境恶化11.protect/preserve/conservetheenvironment保护环境12.environmentally-friendly环境友好的13.cleanenergy清洁能源；renewableenergy可再生能源；solarenergy太阳能；windenergy风能；nuclearpower核能14.fossilfuels化石能源；coal煤炭；petroleum/oil石油；naturalgas天然气15.energy-savinglamp节能灯；节能saveenergy节约能源16.meansoftransport交通方式；publictransportationvehicles公共交通工具17.theconsciousness/awarenessofenvironmentalconservation环境保护意识18.energy-efficient节能的19.punishseverelybythelaw依法严惩20.keepecologicalbalance保持生态平衡21.plasticbags塑料袋；banonfreeplasticbags禁止提供免费塑料袋；limitingtheuseofplasticbags塑料袋使用22.adoptseveralstrongmeasurestodo采取积极措施23.sewagetreatment污水治理24.batterycars电动汽车（三）关于科技1.scientificinvention科学发明2.sophisticatedequipment尖端设备3.adouble-edgedsword双刃剑4.technicalinnovation科技创新5.onaglobalscale在全球范围内6.VirtualRealityTechnology(VR)虚拟现实技术7.earth-shakingchanges翻天覆地的变化8.changewitheachpassingday日新月异9.milestone里程碑10.portable便于携带的11.usherin引领12.negativeeffects负面影响13.potentialhazards潜在危险14.over-commercialized过渡商业化的2中国石油大学远程教育学院15.aheateddiscussion热烈的讨论16.accelerate加速…17.substitute取代；bereplacedby…被…所取代18.makeprogress取得进步19.giveagreatpushtotheeconomicgrowth极大地推动了经济发展20.potentialmarket潜在市场21.apillarindustry支柱产业22.provideconveniencefor…为…提供便利（四）关于社会1.urbanization城市化，城镇化；industrialization工业化2.centralization集中化；urbancrowding城市人口集中；populationexplosion/boom人口爆炸；familyplanning/birthcontrol控制人口3.imbalance不平衡；thedisparitybetweenthecityandthecountryside城乡差距4.optimizeallocationofresources优化资源配置5.infrastructureconstruction基础设施建设;urbanconstruction城市建设6.boomingeconomy促进经济发展;繁荣的经济;经济蓬勃发展7.tertiaryindustry第三产业；servicesector服务业8.tranquility宁静;pastorallife田园生活9.revenue税收;governmentspending开支10.commercialization商业化11.trafficcongestion/jam交通拥挤12.waterscarcity/shortage水短缺13.theenvironmentalpollution环境污染;hazyweather雾霾天气14.over-industrialization过度工业化15.over-crowdedness过度拥挤16.unemploymentrate失业率17.distributionofwealth财富分配18.socialunrest社会动荡19.trafficvolume交通量，交通流量20.populationexplosion人口激增21.arisingcrimerate犯罪率上升22.skyscrapers摩天大楼23.offermorejobopportunities提供更多的就业机会24.arapidpaceoflife快节奏生活；createalienationbetweenpeople导致人与人之间疏远25.stress-relatedillnesses与压力有关的疾病26.highcostofliving高额生活费用27.cityplanners城市规划者28.short-sightedpolicy缺乏远见的29.socialwelfare社会福利disposableincome可支配收入30.job/employmentopportunities就业机会31.urbansprawl城市扩张32.convenienttransportationmeans便捷的交通工具33.bettermedicalservices更好的医疗服务3中国石油大学远程教育学院34.pressureofmodernlifeincity城市生活压力35.stress-includeddisease由于压力导致的疾病36.afeasiblemeasure一种可行的措施37.onthebrinkof…处于…边缘38.pollutant污染性物质;wastedisposal废物处理39.poverty-stricken/impoverished贫穷的40.wealthy/affluent/well-off富裕的41.viciouscycle恶性循环42.waysofconsumption消费方式43.sufferheavylosses遭受重大损失44.breedcrimes滋生犯罪45.help-the-poorprogramme扶贫计划；PovertyReliefOffice扶贫办公室（五）关于旅游1.touristattractions/spots旅游景点;culturalheritage文化遗产2.attracttourists吸引游客3.carryforwardnationalcultural弘扬民族文化4.promoteculturalcommunication促进文化交流5.createemploymentopportunities创造就业机会6.first-handexperience亲身体验7.seclude/isolatethetouristsfromthelocals把游客和当地人隔离8.touristtraps欺骗游客的手段9.over-commercialized过度商业化的10.metropolitancity/metropolis大都会11.touristseason旅游旺季12.awell-knownhistoricandculturalcity历史文化名城13.souvenirs纪念品14.travelagency旅行社15.wondrousspectacle天下奇观;famousscenicspotsandplacesofhistoricalinterest名胜古迹;ancientarchitecturalcomplex古建筑群;summerresort避暑胜地16.forcedpurchase强迫购物17.historicalrelics历史文物18.naturallandscape自然景观4中国石油大学远程教育学院PETS3写作必备短语

1.exertprofoundimpactson对…产生深远影响同义：exertaninfluenceon;haveaneffecton2.promote/stimulatethesustainabledevelopmentof促进…的可持续发展3.benefitfrom…从…中受益反义：beafflictedby受到….折磨；sufferfrom遭受….；doharmfor….危害…4.makeaproposal提建议，提方案同义：makeasuggestion;giveadvice5.investin…对…..投资同义：fundsth资助….；sponsorsth赞助…6.cultivatesth培养…..cultivateawareness,morality,interest…..培养意识，道德，兴趣等7.haveasolidgraspof…牢固掌握…..8.haveaccessto….获取….，使用…..，接近……同义：beeasilyaccessibleto….…..可以被人们方便的获取9.shouldertheresponsibility承担责任同义：beresponsiblefor10.helpsbtodo帮助某人做….11.increase/enhance/improveefficiencyof…..提高…的效率12.enablesbtodo使某人有能力做….allowsbtodo允许某人做…..13.endowsbwith….赋予某人…..14.relievethestress/burdenonsb减轻某人的压力/负担反义：imposeaheavyburdenonsb给某人添加了沉重的负担；putpressureon…给某人带来压力15.achieveone'saim实现目标同义：realizethegoal；cometrue实现16.unlock/develop/tapyourpotential开发潜能反义：constrain/limit/restrictsb`screativity创造力17.announceabanon...宣布对...的禁令反义：liftaban/nullifyaprohibition解除禁令18.relyon/dependon依赖，依靠反义：beindependentof…不依赖…；reducedependenceon减少对…的依赖19.layasolidfoundationfor…为…打下坚实的基础同义：laythegroundworkfor…为….打下基础；paveawayfor…为…铺下道路20.offersbsth提供某人….同义：providesbwithsth21.beladenwithanxiety忧心忡忡同义：beextremelyworriedabout22.takepartin参与….同义：participateindoing反义：beindifferenttosth对…漠不关心23.strengthencontacts/ties/linkswith….加强与….的联系反义：weaken5中国石油大学远程教育学院24.resultin导致….同义：leadto;bringabout;giveriseto25.preventsth/sbfromdoing阻止某人做某事反义：encouragesbtodo鼓励做….；givesbanincentivetodo给某人动力做….26.astimegoeson随着时间的推移同义：Withthepassageoftime27.Withtheadventofthecomputerage，…..随着计算机时代的来临同义：Withtherapiddevelopmentof…..随着…的发展28.takesteps采取措施同义：takeaction;adoptmeasures29.adaptoneselftothedevelopmentof……适应…的发展30.beaccustomedtosth/doing习惯于做某事同义：beusedtodoing习惯于做某事31.Facedwith/beconfrontedwith/inthefaceof….面对…..（位于句首）同义：face；confront32.beimpartialto公平的同义：treatsth/sbfairly公平对待某人某事33.widenthegap增大差距同义：gap=difference=discrepancy反义：narrowthegapbetweentherichandpoor34.usedtodo过去做…..(现在不做了)注意：区分beusedtodoing习惯于做某事35.liveanunhealthylifestyle生活方式不健康36.beaddictedto…..对….上瘾37.beexposedto….暴露于…./接触…..38.puttheblameon….归咎于…同义：….istoblame；beattributableto…..归因为…..39.bevulnerabletotemptation易于受到诱惑40.givespecialcareto…给予…特殊关照同义：carefor…..关心41.givepriorityto…优先考虑…同义：AtakepriorityoverBA比B更优先42.inthelongrun从长远角度而言同义：Fromalong-termperspective43.laymoreemphasison…把重心放在…同义：emphasizetheimportantroleof….强调….的重要性44.comparedto/with…与…相比45.conflictwith…与…相冲突46.makeaconcertedefforttodo联合行动同义：takejointactiontodo联合行动；makeconcertedeffort共同努力47.takeaskeptical/positive/negativeattitudeto…..持有怀疑的/积极的/消极的态度48.disagreewithsb与某人意见相左同义：haveadifferentview,disagreeinopinions49.satisfy/meettheneeds/demandsof满足…..需求6中国石油大学远程教育学院50.51.52.53..55.56.57.58.59.60.61.62.63..65.66.67.68.achieve/maintainabalancebetweenmanandnature保持人与自然之间的平衡valueAoverB把A的价值看得比B还高bereluctanttodo自愿做某事facilitatesth使某事便利….hasbeenontheriseinrecentyears近年来，…的发生越来越多同义：therateof…hasbeenincreasinginrecentyears.overcome/getoverthedifficultyof…..克服….困难同义：tackletheproblem解决问题；addresstherootcauseof…..从根源上解决…..fightagainst与….作斗争同义：combatsthposeathreatto…..对…..构成威胁同义：threatensth威胁到….imposeabanonsth禁止….同义：prohibitsthpaytheprice付出代价同义：dosthattheexpense/costof….做某事付出…代价Recentweekshaveseententativesignsofrecovery,…..最近几周开始出现回暖迹象，…(位于句首)同义：shownosignofimproving没有出现改善迹象fromthepointofviewof….从….角度来看同义：fromtheperspectiveof……从….角度来看fromaneconomicperspective从经济的角度来看avarietyof….多种多样的同义：awidearrayof…,awiderangeof….Thereareplentyofevidencetoconfirmthat…..足够的证据证实…..反义：thereislittleevidencetoconfirmthat……几乎没有证据可以证实…..placestrictregulationsonsth对….进行严格的规范管理playakeyroleinsth/doingsth在..中起到重要的作用goagainst/inconflictwithsocialistcorevalues与社会主义核心价值观相悖beviewedas.被视为是…同义：beregardedas;beconsideredastakesthintoaccount对某事加以考虑同义：takesthintoconsideration;thinkitover7