秋人教版九年级英语第九单元语法知识(定语从句)复习过程

定语从句：在复合从句中作定语（解释，定语：起修饰和作用的语言单位，由形容词充当），修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫行词，定语从句总是放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的词叫

先

关系代词that, which, who,

whom(宾格），whose（所有格）或关系副词（where, when, why). 定语从句在复合句中对先行词起着修饰，限定作用，在句中充当定语的功能。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，即起连接作用，又充当从句的重要成分。当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略，而关系代词在定语从句中作主语或定语时则不能省略。

注意：关系代词that即可指人，也可指物，指物时可与which互换，指人时可与who 或

whom互换,但指人时多用who 或whom

1、that (指人或物）在定语从句中做主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略

eg: I like movies that / which make me laugh.

The people who / that came to visit the city are all here. Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning.

2、which （指物,不能指人）在定语从句中做主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略

eg: Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys.

This is the pen which / that he bought yesterday.

I prefer books which / that give me something to think about.

3.who (指人，不能指物）

在定语从句中做主语

eg: The boys who / that are playing football are from Class one.

I will invite someone who likes me.

4. whom (指人，不能指物）在定语从句中只能做宾语，其前没有介词时，可用

省略

who/ whom代替，也可

eg: Mr. Liu is the person whom / that you talked about.

He is the man whom / that you would like to see.

5.whose （指人或物）在定语从句中作定语，可与of which互换

eg: Is there anyone in your class whose / of which mother is a teacher ?

He has a friend whose / of which father is a doctor. Do you like the book whose / of which color is green ?

6.where (指地点）可与in which互换, 在定语从句中作地点状语，用来表示地点的定语从句eg: Shanghai is the city where / in which I was born.

7.when (指时间）可与on which互换,在定语从句中作时间状语，用来表示时间的定语从句

eg: I still remember the day when / on which I first came to the school.

8.why(指原因）可与for which互换, 在定语从句中作原因状语，用来表示原因的定语从句

eg: Please tell me the reason why / for which you missed the plane. 一、只用that引导的定语从句，不用

which, who, whom的情况有：

1）当先新词为anything, nothing, something, everything等指物的不定代词和all, much等时

eg: We should do everything that is useful to the people.

2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few, one of, the only, the same, the very, the last, just 等词修饰时；

eg: Mary is the only one that wants to be a teacher. 3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；

eg: This is the best story that I have read. 4)当先行词被序数词修饰时；

eg: He is the first person that I want to see. 5)当先行词同时含有人和物时；

eg: Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about ? 6)当主句中已有疑问词who或which时；

eg: Which is the bike that you bought ?

Who is the student that was praised at the meeting ?

7)有两个定语从句，为了避免重复，其中一个关系代词已用

which,另一个则用that;

eg: He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 8)在there be句型中；

eg: Is there the book that you borrowed in the library? 二、只用which引导的定语从句，不用

that的情况用：

1）关系代词前有介词时（of, for, with, in, on....)

eg: I want find the pen with which I wrote the letter. （我想找到我用来写信的钢笔）2）当先行词为that 或those时；

3) 在非限定性定语从句中（解释，非限定性定语从句：即通常用逗号隔开，若去掉从句，整个句子仍然表达完整意义的定语从句）

eg: Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 三、只用who引导的定语从句，不用

that的情况有：

1)当先行词为everyone, someone, no one, nobody, everybody, somebody等表示人的不定代词时

eg: Is there anyone who can answer the question?

eg: Those who go to the park stay here.

2) 当先行词为those时